Typewriter



Feb. 13,19234l 1,445,513. F. W. HILLARD.

TYPEWRITER.

ORIGINAL FILED FEB. 27., |919. SSHEETS-SHEET l.

INVENTR M BY /M 77W. COZ f//mm ATTORNEYS Feb. 13, 1923.

F. W. HILL/XRD.

TYPEWRITER.

ORIGINAL FILED FEB.27.1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

INVENT WM MM ATTORNEYS Feb. 13, 1923.

F. W. HILLARD.

TYPEWRITER.

ORIGINAL man FEB. 27. 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

M lINVENTQR MyW- f//W ATToRNEvs Patented Feb. i3, M23.

T0 TYPEWRITERS HILLARDIZED` INCORPORATED, A. CORPGRATUN F DELAVARE.

rvrnwnirnr.,

Original application filed February 27, 1919, Serial No.' 279,545.

tember 3, 1920.

To ZZ 't0/ogn t may concern.'

Be it known that l, FREDERIC W HIL-I Lann.) citizen oi the United ttates. rcsiding` at lot-tenvilieI` Staten island, county ot i ichn'iond, and State oi New York, have invented certain new and useful Improve- -inents in Typewriters. of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This application is a division of a pending application, Serial No. l279,545, filed `llebruary 27, 1919, upon which issued Pat ent 1,356,282, October 197 1920, which in turn was tiled a division ol.l a prior application, Serial No. 103,758, tiled June l5, 1,916, upon which issued Patent Number 1,296,957 on March 117 1919;

The invention upon which the present application is based is an improvement in antifriction or ball bearing supports for the carriage of a typewriter. lhe improvement is herein illustrated as applied to the well lnown Underwood typewriter tor which instrument it was particularly designed but this is illustrative only as the invention has :rwide applica-tion and is not limited to any special form ot machine, but applicable general ly where the other features ot' construction and operation permit. i

The chief object of the invention is to secure an easy running and rapid feeding carriage in a visible typewriting machine and at the same time provide. a carriage which may be readily swung upward that the parts oi the mechanism thereunder may be readily inspected, repaired and cleaned. This swingingn movement oit the carriage also is an advantage in that the writing may be inspected practically to the last line on the sheet and the operator by so swinging; the carriage can readily tell just how much space is lett at the bottom ot the sheet or card.

.l'n :arrying out this tion .l provide a truck at the rear of the machine which truck is always locked against shifting' movement. The truck is provided with an improved ball bearing antifriction support and raceways therefor, so that the truck may move sidewise with the minimum of friction. To this truck is pivoted a carriage structure.

lli/ly invention also contemplates.

part ol my invenan ini- Divided and this application led Sep- Serial N0. 408,013.

proved friction brake for tabular use which b allie is associated with the before inentioned truchr in such a way that the speed ot. thc Yfeeding1 movements ot the truck may be reduced to any desired extent by means of the pressure applieil. to the bearing balls by the tabulating key. d

The invention involves also certain features oi', construction in the details of the mechanism but these will be more fully pointed out in the description which follows.

in the accompanying drawings which illustrate the improvements in typewritinp` machines for which l. now seek the protection ot' Letters Patent,

Fig'. .l is a plan view chine.

Fig. 2 is a .side elevation ot the upper or carriage portion ol the-machine. i

Figi'. Il is a iront view of the truck showingr the application ot the improvement.

Fig. 4. is an end detail view ot' one ot the parts oiE the truck known as a cage.

Fig. is a centralv sectional view ot the truck and its means ot support.

G Ais a plan view ot the ball cage and raceways.

Fig. 7 is a rear view of the truck and its associated parts.

Fins. S and f) are detail views of the locking device for the carriafijc sllowingithe relation thereto oi" the ball bearings.

Fips. 10 and 1l are cross sectional views oit' the parts shown in ilip. 'T given 'For illustrationthe relation ot the raceways to Such parts.

Figs. 12 and 191 ot the complete ma bearing are sectional details of modified bearing' constructions in which rollers are used in place ot balls. spacing` balls beingalso shown therein.

Fin'. let shows detached the elements ot the rear margin stop tor the carriage.

Referring more particularly to Figs. l and 2 the preferred embodiment of in v invention comprises atruck' llxtciuling tor wardly and upwardly from this truck are brackets 2 whichY pivotally support a shatt 3. This shaft forms a pivotal support for both the inner and outer carriage. The outer or non-shittable carriage is shown at It, and on this carriage are rearwardly exprovided with This is the usual construction.

The Vinner i ling carriage is adapted to 1 bejyertically rfa-ised and lowered by'any of they well known s liitt constructions, but as these are wellknown inthe commercial Un"- dl'erwoofd machine, further description and illustrationis believed to be unnecessary.

The Jfront end of the outer carriage 11 is the usual supporting wheel which travels .ony the front guide rail 9. lt is also proyided with a locking; finger which underlies a slot in the upper front rail 1U. m y The hinge joint at 3 between the carriage and the truck permits the carriage to adjust itself to position on guide rail 9, and prevents triction by undue pressure against either or the 'lront rails. i

ln the usual Underwood construction there is no truck, the 'carriage being mounted upon a `Xedgui'de rail. The advantage ol the truck over the fixed guide rail isthat antitriction' devices maybe more readily applied thereto. Furthermore,` the hinging of the carriage to the truck' 1, permits the ytruclt to assume its correct -Vertical position in raceways 11. 12 and at the same time allows t-hebarriage to" rest properly on the 'front guide rail.

` T he truek 1 is mounted upon the machine traine in the following manner. `Two up-y wardlv projecting arms 13 extend tromthe inachine trame. i rails 11 and 12 are secured to these arms and are preferably adjustable to and from eaeh otherf As shownf Figs. 7, 8 and 9, the upper raceway 11 is `adjustable towards the lower raceway 12 by means ot adjusting screw T he truck 1`has upper and lower raceways which are oppositely disposed to the upper and lower raceways 11 and 12.

lt will be obyious, in the construction above described, that the hinged or linked -connection at il between the carriages 4, ti

andthe truck 1' oli-very great importance. '.lhe structure is practically athree bearing one, one of the bearings beingthe upper raceway 1l for the truck 1, the second one being the lowerY raceway 12 for the truclzi andl the'third one the `liront support 9 tor the carriage 4. There is also ai'fourth bear-- ing' point'ior the inner carriage (if that" is to say the support wheel 42 resting' on the shift-rail 43. 'ihe entire structure there" tore may be said to be a four point bearing so 'tar as the running bearings lare concerned. taking' into yaceount thel truck 1, the outer carriage 4: and the inner carriage 6.

lt is obvious that in order to properly maintain and control the carriages Ll, 6 in their proper printing positions, the truck 1, which constitutes the main support between the carriages and the traine or the machine, inust be closely litted upon its -ballbearin= is in the upperand lower raceways. T tore, there must be a snug lit between the ball-bearings in all of the raceways and each bearing;` ball must rest at tour points, viz.. on each side otieach racewayin the trucl; l. and on each side ot the raceway in each ot `the rinde-rails 11 and 12. iloreover., in order to secure the best results the supiorting; strainon each ot the'balls 15, 15 in each ot the raeeways should lie uniform on allthe tour said bearing points. lince the guide-rails 11 and 12 are stationair-ily mounted upon the machine trarne, with their raceways correctly lined up with each other., it is obvious that the truck 1 should he tree to assume. its correct vertical position so thatits raceways will lineup correctly with the correspoiidingl raceways in the huide rails 11 and 12. Then when the upper guide rail is properly adjusted down by the adjust-- .ing screw lll; the entire set ot bearing'halls l5. `will be snugly and still freely held in the raceways between the" truck l and its upper andl lower guide-rails 11 and l2. Under these circumstances there will be no looseness ot the ltruck within the guide-rails.y aud yet the anti-friction character willf'be liullv maintained. I 4

` rThe importance of the linked or hinged connection between Vthe carriage *and4 the truck thus becomes apparent. lt the cai ringe el were not linked to the truclr but were riridlyv connectedthereto'. it would be practically impossible7 as a manuracturing' proposition7 to be vassured thatfthe carriage Ll would rest on its i'ront guide-rail S) without arising more or' less detrimental eine strain ot the ,truck 1 bodily rearwardly or forwardly out o'titsA correct xf'ertical position in ,guide-rails 11 and'12. For instante.` 'it the front guiderail 9 were mounted in the machine even a very little too .low or the l'ront 'guide-wheel were in the least too small in diameter or mounted at all too high on the ca1r'iare,`tlie weight o'l. lthel carriage. in the position where its 'front guide-wheel would rest on 'the 'front guide'rail 9. would laus@ the trucl'd. to lean bodily 'forward more or less in its l"guide-rails 11 Aand thus causing detrimental strainiand afrit# tion upon the beariiigballs" 15, 15 which would lincrease according to the extent t le carriage should lean forward* `troni Vits true rertical position. `The Vreverse condition would arise, the truck being inclined bodily rearward ont of' its true vertical position and thus causing an objectionable strain on the balls in the raceways resulting in eX- cessive friction. `if the position and mounting ol the front guide-rail 9 or front guide- `Wl'ieel were such that the carriage were lifted above the point for bringingl the truckinto its true vertical position. Tijs on the assinniition that the truck and carriage 'were made rigid With each other.`

ln the present construction, as above described. the outer carriage el and the inner carriage G are each independently hinged or linked to the 'ti-ucl; l. Hence both ot them are lexible rclatiif'ely to the truck and nviitber of them can impart thereto the objectionable strain which would be present. as above pointed out. were not these hinged or Vflexible linked connections provided between the inner and enter carriages and the truck.

J-lrnotl'ier advantage or the ball-bearing truck and linked carriage construction here shown. that this arrangement prevents the objectionable friction in the liearing heretoifore present the construction Vwherein no J'ruck is employed),` caused by the teistnig pull of' the main spring. As above stated the present truck arrangement and linked carriage permits the c rriage and truck to properly adjust themselves to their relatively correct positions Without undue pressure and lriction in the ball-bearing' raceways. rlfhe main sprinp' is directly connected to the outer carriage trame l and the escapenient raclf. is also pivoted upon the saine liranic. The pull of the main spring` through bracket fill is slightly to the rear ot the escapeinentrack 4,5. so that tie pull otI the main spring and tbe restraining influence ol the escapernont rack lo and pinion 46 are out or" line with each other. Therefore the main spring' (not shown, but which is o'l" the usual construction) through its connection with the carriage by tl cible tape constantly tends to draw the rear part of the carriage 'torivard or tothe le'lit in the line ofi print, the carriage being' restrained by the escapement pinion and carriage raclr 48 and released by the escapeinent 'for its` step by step movement as the keys are operated. lUnder this construction it is obvious that there is never any slaclin the movement oli the carriage. While on the other hand the carriage is held rigidly in line boczuiise the lall`licariirggl` truck, being' llexibly connected with the (fznriage7 is Atree, ol' twisting` strains and therefore the truck can be very closely mounted on the bearin balls in the raceivays.

ln Vthe above described raceways l utilize. ball or roller bearings to minimize friction. l preferably use the arrangement shown in Figs. 5 and G. .lnse three balls to each bearing'` there being' tour bearings in the machine, two in each raceWay. The outer 'spaced a little way .to travel iu unison thererith.y is

v I) u:

l las been provii'led ifor each bearing, with the result that 'there a single bearing point only between the racenays and balls at each bearn llene@ any in'ipertcctiGns in thc racen' in the line or tra vel ot the bearing; balls -would disadvantaggeously atleet the l'iearine'. makina' a bearing` lo and. tight at another. balls in each bearing'.

lily putting the tiro particularly it they be apart` by an intermedi. e spaced ball. much better results are obtained since il? one ot the bearing` balls in the bearings drops` into a little pit or hollow in the raceways. the other bearingl ball in the same bearing' will in'esnniably be resting;` on a pertert portion o'l.i the raceway bearings. Furthermore, by having tivo bearing` balls in each bearing'.` or eight bearing' balls in all the tour bearilni's instead olr 'l'onr altogether as in those beretotore in use. much more durar ble bearings are jjn'orideih the Vweight olf the truck and carriage being' distributed orcr double the number ot' bearing' balls. resulting' in lgreatly' lengthening' lite in the bearings over those heretofore in use.

lt Will be understood that l may use rollers in place of balls i'l desired. lt desired the construction shown in ll'gs. I2 and l-'l may be i'ltilizcd where rollers ll' carry the load and are spaced apart by a spacing ball ll, oli' less diameter than the rollers il'. ln the claims the iteni roller to be considered a broad term referring` to either a ball or roller construction. The balls or rollers and their retaining cap i9. move at one-bali the speed of the movement ol'A the truck and carriage. as will nonv be described.

Upon the trout ol the truck l. and adapted a down- Wardly facing rack .Q0 which engages a pinion 2l.. carried by the ball retainer. 'lhc ball retainer has one portion 22 in the upper racoway and another portion in the lower raccWay. llpon the lower racoway l2 l mount a second racl; 2l Which. also meshes With pinion 2l. The result ot' this construction is to move tbe ball retainer at one-haltl the speed of the trucl; thereby always retaining` the balls in their proper position in the raceways and preventing' what is known as a creeping;` movement. This creeping oiC the balls Would otherwise take place Where short lines oi Work are Written l'or'any considerable period time. ,`he balls then `rinchialiy creep out o" position so that when a longer line is i 'ri tren they would come to the end ot their iii ot travelbe'lore the truck had reached such a point. The ball retainer l) causes practically no friction since it is feared to tra el at proper speed with respect to the rack.

fis previously explained the truck l has upwardly projecting arms or brackets 2 which partially support shaift 3. The lil't ing or shitting` arms 7 are pinned to the ends ot this sl att and the usual spring Q5 coiled about this sha'tt to assist in litt ing the inner carriage (3. l. also employ another springl to assist li'ttingr oit the shittrail and inner carriage to iuiper case position but as this spring is similar to the correspond inf,y spring; used 'tor the same purpose in the Underwood machine. it is not shown.

Upon the rear side ot the truck there is n'iounted a plate Q6 which serves both as a margin stop 'tor the truck and carriage. Vthis plate 'tor-ins one ot the elements ot the tabulator which will. now be explained. '.ihe tabulator key and connectingV links are the same in the Underwood machine and need not be described in detail. Referring;- to Figs. l0, lll and lil, 27 represents a pull har operated by the tabulator key which. tor reason given, is not shown, which rocks rocker arm 2S, which, in turn, swings the tabulator bar 29 rearward, and tabulater bar 30 and tabulating stop 8l forward. These parts operate substantially as do the corresirionding' parts in the lliulerwood machine. The 'friction bar 30 presses against a bral-:e leather 32 which is carried upon the plate 2G, which plate is supported upon and moves in unison with the truck. rllhe pressure against the brake leather has the usual retarding etlect upon the movement ot the truck and in addition, the pressure against the leather tends to push the entire truck, particularly the upper halt thereof', 'forward and to thereby crowd the bearing' balls l5 between the raceways ll and l'z and the correspondingr raceways on the truck l. T his crowdingot the bearing` balls against their raceways constitutesan additional extremely sensitive and reliable brake, in tact a more reliable brake than the leather brake5 which is liable to wear. lt is understood that l' claim this itcature broadly and do not limit its use in combination with the sliding brake. It may be so used or the sliding brake can be omitted, or it can be used in* con'ibination with other Yforms ot the brakes. The detailed description ot the operation ot the tabulator need not be set torth as the action is similar to that ot the well known Underwood tabulator.

By referringv to Figs. l and 2 it will be seen that the upper tront rail 10 is notched as shown at This notch permits the nose 'this plate has ot the locking finger to escape trom its normal position below 'the trent rail l0, when it is desired to elevate the carriage.' l preterably place the notch near the right hand end of the rail, but it may'also be placed .in other positions. rllhe usual Underwood margin stops mayA be employed. Brietly stated these stops comprise abutment members letwhich can be set in any desired position. As the carriage advances a nose portion ot margin release lever 36 contacts with the abutment and prevents a further movement or' the carriage to the right. To further move the carriage to the right it is iiecessary to depress the margin release lever and tree the nose trom the abutment. ',lfhc extreme right movement of the carriage is also limited by a rear margin stop which is shown in Yigg. 7 and in detail in Fig. la. This margin stop comprises the plate Q6 which is rigidly connected with the truck l.

an upwardly projecting portion tuitably secured by screws to this portion ot plate 26 is an l--shaped piece 38. 'l`he screw holes in this piece are slightly elongated so that the piece 38 can be set at any desired longitudinal position with respect to plate 2G. The l.-shaped piece 38 carries dowels which cooperate with holes in shim pieces 39. By using shim pieces ot ditierent thickness the position ot the l.- shaped piece 38 can be set very accurately. VWhen the carriage moves to the right, the end 4t() oit the lsliaped piece finally abuts against the side trame bracket 13, which supports the upper raceways 1l and this limits the extreme movement ot the carriage and truck. Brake leather 32 clears bracket 113, see Fig. 2.

The purpose ot the herein described elements ot the back margin stop is to bring the tace l0 ot the Lshaped piece 38 at exactly t-he proper position tor bringing the carriage to the starting` point. This is a very particular adjustment in typewriting' machines, because ,it the engaging tace ot the margin stop be slightly too tar to the right or lett, the :arriagre is apt to be brought back either not tar enoigigh and begin the margin a little space too tar to the lett or to be brought back too itar and begin the margin ot the line within the marginal space making' a bad looking page ot' writing'. The shims 39 prevent the blow of the rcturning' movement oit the carriage from overcoming` the t'rictional hold ot the screws and crowding the l.-shaped plate 38' along relatively to the retaining plate 26. rlhese shims also aid in nianutacturing' since it is practically impossible to make all ot the parts, such as truck, margin stop and escapement exactly interchangeable. The shims and mechanism for inserting and holding them overcome this defect very efficiently andl quite' inexpensively.

daring non" described my intention what l claim isi l. Vln a typen/ritinn machine, the combination ot :i truck, ball-bearinge,` raceuavs therefor, a carriage in trent of the truc-li and connecterfl thereto'by a link connection at its rear edge and gnidod at .its front edge i'or straight line letter-spacing movements, a main spriiigg` 'directly coi'inectei'l to the carriage and, a racli mounted on the carriage and engaging@ an escapemcnt pinion to control. the carriage against the pull ot the main spring.

in a typewritinn n'izichine, 'the combination oi a truck. balbbearingr raceways thereH for, a carriage in Yliront ot the trunk connected thereto by a single hingfje connuetion :it either end oit the carriage and truck, said carriafe being;` mounted at its Yfront edge on a si'ipportinnWheel resting upon a. front guide raiL a main spring` r advaiuinfi' tbe carril` in the line oit' print and an escapenient to cmitrol the earriaeje arininst 4the poll ot the inain spring.

il. .in a typewriting machine. tiic combination ol a truck, lnill-bearin-i` raceivays therefor, a carriage structure in YFront ot the truck comprising' an outer. non-sliilj'table earriag'e connected to the `truck by a link con.` nection at its rear edge and mounted at its lront edile on a supporting' Wheel resting upon a Ytrent guide-rail, and an inner carriage the latter being.;` also independently lint-:ed at its rear edge to the truck and beine mounted. upon a supporting .fheel upon a shiitfi'-rail tor a shitting; movement independent ot the outer carriage, a main spring; itor advancing the carriage in the line oit print and an escapement to control the carriage against the pull ot the main sprintf;

-l-. In a type Yriting machine, the combination of a trnclr, roller-bearinfr race-Ways therefor, a carriage having' a hinged conneo tion with the trucs, and means 'for restraining' the carriage during` lettenspacing' nievenients to a straiggjht line niovenient.

5, ln a typeWritingv machine, the combina tion ot a triiel, roller bearing race-ways therefor. a nonshi'ttable carriage havingr` a hingedl connection With the truck, means ttor restraining` the carriage during' letter-spacingr n'iovements to a straight line movement, and a shifttable carriage mounted for shittinn movements with respect to the non-shiftable carriage.

G. In a typewritinn machine. in combination with ball bearing iaceivaysi one being fixed and the other movable, a roller bearing in the said raceway, said bearing` comprising a plurality of rollers, tivo of said rollers being` of the same diameter and spaced apart by a single ball of less diameter, whereby upon relative movement of the raceways the outer rolling members rotate in the same direction and friction is thereby minimized.

tion, with roller beariinr raceways, one tixed and the other relativelyY movable thereto, a pair or" roller bearings in the said raceway, a traifellingg` can/je adajrtcd to prevent creegviini'; oi" 'the rolling' members and to ,space the bearings apart in the racen'ay, web ot said pair oit roller bear' .1, comprisirne` three roll ing men'ibere in contact with one another, the outer rollersl being); oit such die" propoliv contact with the rac and carriY the load, and the intermedi; rolling; member beine` et' less dian'icter` the said intermediate rolling inem! 1er acting as a revolnble spacer itor the other roi'liin;- nieinb-erf;

a rubbing` contact between and preventing the outer roller members contacting with the raceivaya upon a relative movement of the raceways.

ln a typev-.f'ritingf machine` in con'ibination, roller be;` 'ir race'ivayf'-;, a roller bearing in said raceH said bearing' c('m1pri.--zV a plurality oi" roller meinbers` tivo being o-fi ,f i'eatei' diameter than the remaining; inter mediate roller member, said intermediate roller nicn'ibcr, and the outer roller members oit `jririater diameter moving," with a rolling action in the same peripheral iliz'cetion against one another upon the relative morenient of the raceivays.

9. .ln a typewriting machine, in coiibination, a pluralityY ot roller bearing riceways roller bearings therein, a tabnlatingr device. and means in operative relation with the sa id tabnlatinn device and one ot the raceivays itor crowding the roller i'iiembcre in the ric#- way and thereby eonstitiitine` a 'friction brake in the raceways.

l0. in a typervritingY machine. in coinbnation, a truck, a i'ilnrality oi" roller bearing` l raceivays, one o't said raceivajrs being operatively conneeted with the truck. roller bearings `in the said raceways, a tabiilatingij device, and means associated therewith Vtot' crowding` the rolling` members anainsst their cooperatingmovable and stationary race- Ways, whereby the speed of movement ol the truck is reduced duringAr a tabulatine' operation.

1l. In a typeivritinfr machine, in combination, a plurality of roller bearingr racc- Ways, relative y movable with respect to each other, a brake element operatively associa-ted with one of the racevvays, a Jfriction plate in operative relation thereto, and means for en- ,rgaging the friction plate With brake element, whereby the speed ot the relative movement of the raceways is diminished, said enna-gement of the plate and brake element beine* also adapted to crowd the roller members in the racevvays,`rvhereby the speed of movement of the raceways is further diminished.

12. In a typewriting machine, in combi nation` a margin sten :tor the movable carria-ge comprising a fixed abutment, a memthe said truck, a margin stop ber operatively connected with the carriage and a second. member adjustabiy secured to the first member and adapted to contact with the lined abutment and limit the cxtreme J moven'ient o'i' the carriage,

Vment and limit the extreme movement of the truck.

14. In a typewriting machine, 'in combination, a carriage truck, a margin stop therefor, saidmargin stop comprising a fixed member attached to the truck, an adjustable member secured to the first mentioned member and a spacing; member intermediate the first and second mentioned members to maintain the adjustment after it has once been set, said second mentioned member beiner adapted to contact with a tixed abutment upon the machine to limit the extrememovement Yfor the carriage truck. I

15. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a carriage truck, a combined margin stop and tabulator brake support` said device including a member fixed to the truck, a tabulator bralre secured thereto, a longitudinally adjustable member connected thereto, and adapted to Contact with a tixed abutment upon the machine and thereby limit the eXtreme movement oit the truck,

i and a replaceable spacingr member intermediate the longitudinally adjustable member and the member fixed to the truck to preserve the relative position of the adjustable and fixed members upon the impact against the iXed abutment.

I6. In a front strike typewriter, the combination with a-icarriage-propelling power and an escapement, of a truck, a. carriage having a hinged connection With the truck, means `tor restraining the carriage and truck to' a straight line movement during the let- Learners ot the carriage when released from the esi7. In a typen'riting machine, the combination with the carriage-propellin, povver and an escapement, ot a truck, roller-bearing race-'ways therefor having roller members therein, a carriage having a hinged connection with the truck, .inea-ns for restraining the carriage to a straight line movement during letterspacing movements, and brake means co-operating with the truck to crowd the roller members in therme-Ways, and thereby constitute a friction brake tor the carriage when released from the escapement.

18. In a 'iront strike typewriter, the combination with the carriage-propelling power and an esca-pement, of a trucley a non-shittable carriage having` a hinged connection with the truck, means for restrainingr said carriage and truck to a straight line movement during the letter-spacing movements, a carriage mounted for shifting movements with respect to the non-shi'ttable carriage, and brake n'leans co-operating with the truck to control the speed of the nonshiitable carriage When released from the escapement.

19. In a typevvriting machine, the combi-KK nat-ion with the carriage-propelling' power and an escapement, of a truck, roller bearing race-Ways therefor having roller members therein, a non-shiftable carriage having` a hinged connection with the truck,` means for restraining' said carriage and truck to a straight line movement during the letterspacing` movements, a carriage mounted Jfor shifting' movements with respect to the nonshiftable carriage, and brake means co-operatingr with the truck to crowd the roller members in the race-Ways and thereby constitute a friction brake tor the non-shiitable carriage When released from the eseapemen In testimony whereof I hereto affix my si@ nature.

FREDERIC W'. IIILLARD. 

